{"id":12679,"date":"2020-09-19T11:00:46","date_gmt":"2020-09-19T09:00:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/financer.sk\/?p=12679"},"modified":"2024-09-19T15:41:51","modified_gmt":"2024-09-19T13:41:51","slug":"financna-gramotnost-a-deti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/financer.sk\/osobne-financie\/clanky\/financna-gramotnost-a-deti\/","title":{"rendered":"Finan\u010dn\u00e1 gramotnos\u0165 a deti"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>V\u00a0r\u00e1mci v\u00fdchovy rodi\u010dia de\u0165om v\u0161tepuj\u00fa mno\u017estvo u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fdch a\u00a0nevyhnutn\u00fdch z\u00e1sad. Deti sa u\u010dia um\u00fdva\u0165 si ruky, ako slu\u0161ne pozdravi\u0165, ako po\u010fakova\u0165 \u010di poprosi\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p>Jedn\u00fdm z\u00a0d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdch n\u00e1vykov, ktor\u00e9 bud\u00fa bud\u00faci dospel\u00e1ci v\u00a0\u017eivote ur\u010dite potrebova\u0165, je <strong>rozumn\u00e9 nar\u00e1banie s\u00a0peniazmi.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_msg_box key-takeaways\"><div class=\"fn_block__icon\"><\/div><h3>\u010co sa dozviete?<\/h3><ul>\n<li>Ako a kedy za\u010da\u0165 u\u010di\u0165 deti finan\u010dn\u00fa gramotnos\u0165<\/li>\n<li>Ak\u00e9 hry s\u00fa pre nich najvhodnej\u0161ie<\/li>\n<li>\u010ci d\u00e1va\u0165 alebo ned\u00e1va\u0165 die\u0165a\u0165u vreckov\u00e9<\/li>\n<li>Ako nau\u010di\u0165 die\u0165a \u0161etri\u0165<\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/financer.sk\/financna-gramotnost\/\">Finan\u010dn\u00e1 gramotnos\u0165<\/a> v\u0161ak \u010dasto ch\u00fdba v\u00a0\u0161kolsk\u00fdch osnov\u00e1ch a preto je potrebn\u00e9, aby rodi\u010dia pomohli svojim de\u0165om osvoji\u0165 si z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 princ\u00edpy hospod\u00e1renia s\u00a0peniazmi e\u0161te v\u00a0pred\u0161kolskom veku.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prin\u00e1\u0161ame v\u00e1m <strong>nieko\u013eko u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fdch tipov<\/strong>, ako m\u00f4\u017eete svoje die\u0165a nau\u010di\u0165 z\u00e1klady finan\u010dnej gramotnosti jednoducho a\u00a0hravo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Finann_gramotnos_pre_deti__ako_zaa\">Finan\u010dn\u00e1 gramotnos\u0165 pre deti \u2013 ako za\u010da\u0165?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ke\u010f va\u0161e deti budete u\u010di\u0165 z\u00e1klady finan\u010dnej gramotnosti, berte do \u00favahy nieko\u013eko d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdch faktorov. <strong>Jedn\u00fdm z\u00a0nich je v\u00fdber vhodn\u00e9ho slovn\u00edka. <\/strong>Deti dok\u00e1\u017eu pochopi\u0165 z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 princ\u00edpy m\u00ed\u0148ania a\u00a0sporenia pe\u0148az\u00ed pribli\u017ene vo veku 3 a\u017e 5 rokov.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vo ve\u013ekej miere to v\u0161ak z\u00e1vis\u00ed aj od jazyka, ktor\u00fd pri vysvet\u013eovan\u00ed zvol\u00edte. Viac ako komplikovan\u00e9 v\u00fdrazy<strong> pou\u017e\u00edvajte rad\u0161ej jednoduch\u00e9 pr\u00edklady, ktor\u00e9 bud\u00fa die\u0165a\u0165u bl\u00edzke.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pracova\u0165 m\u00f4\u017eete napr\u00edklad z hra\u010dkami, sladko\u0165ami alebo \u010dasom str\u00e1ven\u00fdm na mobile. Nie\u010do \u010do m\u00f4\u017eu va\u0161e deti vn\u00edma\u0165 ako vz\u00e1cne alebo \u010do je pre ne d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9. Peniaze maj\u00fa pre ne \u010dasto pr\u00edli\u0161 abstraktn\u00fa hodnostu.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_msg_box key-takeaways\"><div class=\"fn_block__icon\"><\/div><p><strong>Pri u\u010den\u00ed finan\u010dnej gramotnosti sa ur\u010dite vyzbrojte ve\u013ekou d\u00e1vkou trpezlivosti.<\/strong> M\u00f4\u017ee sa sta\u0165, \u017ee die\u0165a nepochop\u00ed v\u0161etko hne\u010f na prv\u00fd raz.<\/p>\n<p>Vtedy v\u00e1m pom\u00f4\u017ee, ak zachov\u00e1te chladn\u00fa hlavu a\u00a0n\u00e1jdete sp\u00f4sob, ako dan\u00fd probl\u00e9m vysvetli\u0165 zrozumite\u013enej\u0161ie a\u00a0opakovane, ak to bude potrebn\u00e9.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Zna\u010dn\u00fd vplyv na finan\u010dn\u00fa <a href=\"https:\/\/financer.sk\/blog\/financna-gramotnost\/\">gramotnos\u0165<\/a> det\u00ed u\u017e od pred\u0161kolsk\u00e9ho veku m\u00e1 tie\u017e va\u0161e spr\u00e1vanie a\u00a0n\u00e1vyky. <strong>Deti sa u\u010dia aj pozorovan\u00edm<\/strong> a\u00a0m\u00f4\u017eu od v\u00e1s vedome \u010di nevedome prebra\u0165 aj nezodpovednos\u0165 v\u00a0oblasti spravovania <a href=\"https:\/\/financer.sk\/osobne-financie\/\">osobn\u00fdch financi\u00ed.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ak die\u0165a doma odmali\u010dka vid\u00ed, \u017ee si na konci mesiaca po\u017ei\u010diavate peniaze \u010di m\u00ed\u0148ate ve\u013ek\u00fa \u010das\u0165 <a href=\"https:\/\/financer.sk\/ako-na-to\/rodinny-rozpocet\/\">rodinn\u00e9ho rozpo\u010dtu<\/a> na zbyto\u010dnosti, m\u00f4\u017ee to nesk\u00f4r v\u00a0dospelosti pova\u017eova\u0165 za norm\u00e1lne.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_msg_box info\"><div class=\"fn_block__icon\"><\/div><p>Ak v\u0161ak naopak vn\u00edma, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd mesiac sed\u00edte za stolom, aby ste si urobili rozpo\u010det, tak sa tak\u00e9to <strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">pl\u00e1novanie stane pre ne samozrejmos\u0165ou pri spravovan\u00ed ich vlastn\u00fdch pe\u0148az\u00ed. <\/strong>Sna\u017ete sa preto \u00eds\u0165 svojim de\u0165om pr\u00edkladom a\u00a0popritom im v\u0161tep\u00edte aj trochu discipl\u00edny.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large shortcode-no\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"882\" src=\"https:\/\/financer.com\/app\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/05\/ako-usetrit.png\" alt=\"ako u\u0161etri\u0165\" class=\"wp-image-8262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/financer.global\/app\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/05\/ako-usetrit.png 800w, https:\/\/financer.global\/app\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/05\/ako-usetrit-272x300.png 272w, https:\/\/financer.global\/app\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2020\/05\/ako-usetrit-768x847.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Finann_gramotnos_aktivity_pre_deti\">Finan\u010dn\u00e1 gramotnos\u0165 aktivity pre deti<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Samozrejme sa ned\u00e1 u\u010di\u0165 iba rozpr\u00e1van\u00edm. <\/strong>V\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu vec\u00ed je aj tak potrebn\u00e9 si vysk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 v praxi. Najlep\u0161ie je nie\u010do de\u0165om kr\u00e1tko vysvetli\u0165, ihne\u010f uk\u00e1za\u0165 a necha\u0165 die\u0165a si to vysk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 sam\u00e9. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ur\u010dite sa vyskytn\u00fa chyby. Len\u017ee ak\u00e9ko\u013evek chyby, a dokonca aj tie s peniazmi, s\u00fa dobr\u00e9, pokia\u013e sa z nich die\u0165a dok\u00e1\u017ee pou\u010di\u0165. Preto je potrebn\u00e9 o nich hovori\u0165, rozobera\u0165 ich a necha\u0165 deti, aby sami \u010dasom pri\u0161li na to, pre\u010do vlastne tieto chyby s\u00fa chybami.<strong> Postupom \u010dasu sa to nau\u010dia v\u010faka vlastn\u00fdm sk\u00fasenostiam.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vo <strong>Financer.sk<\/strong> sme pre v\u00e1s vybrali zop\u00e1r aktiv\u00edt, ktor\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017eete sk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 so svojimi de\u0165mi a vzdel\u00e1va\u0165 ich t\u00fdm v oblasti finan\u010dnej gramotnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Naute_vae_deti_rozoznva_bankovky_a_mince\">Nau\u010dte va\u0161e deti rozozn\u00e1va\u0165 bankovky a mince<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Finan\u010dn\u00e1 gramotnos\u0165 je pre deti ako celok pr\u00edli\u0161 abstraktn\u00e1 a obsiahla na to, aby ste im dok\u00e1zali z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 veci objasni\u0165 naraz. <strong>Za\u010dnite s\u00a0t\u00fdm preto postupne a\u00a0primerane veku die\u0165a\u0165a.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_msg_box key-takeaways\"><div class=\"fn_block__icon\"><\/div><p>Napr\u00edklad<strong> rozl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 jednotliv\u00e9 bankovky a\u00a0mince <\/strong>sa deti m\u00f4\u017eu nau\u010di\u0165, akon\u00e1hle za\u010dn\u00fa s\u00a0pochopen\u00edm vn\u00edma\u0165 svoje okolie a prestan\u00fa si v\u0161etko strka\u0165 do \u00fast. (Str\u00e1vi\u0165 p\u00e4\u0165 centov \u010di vybera\u0165 ich z\u00a0nosa nie je \u017eiadna z\u00e1bava ani pre v\u00e1s, ani pre va\u0161e die\u0165a.)\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p>E\u0161te predt\u00fdm, ako die\u0165a zozn\u00e1mite so skuto\u010dn\u00fdmi peniazmi si <strong>m\u00f4\u017eete pom\u00f4c\u0165 plastov\u00fdmi napodobeninami z\u00a0hra\u010dk\u00e1rstva,<\/strong> ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa okrem in\u00e9ho aj hygienickej\u0161ou vo\u013ebou.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u00a0tak\u00fdmito \u201epeniazmi\u201c sa deti m\u00f4\u017eu zoznamova\u0165 v\u00a0r\u00e1mci hry a\u00a0vy sa nemus\u00edte ob\u00e1va\u0165 ich pr\u00edpadn\u00e9ho po\u0161kodenia.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_msg_box info\"><div class=\"fn_block__icon\"><\/div><p>Tip \u010d.1<\/p>\n<p><em>Pre die\u0165a bude lep\u0161ie pochopite\u013en\u00e9, <strong>ak ho nau\u010d\u00edte hodnotu minc\u00ed \u010di bankoviek rozozn\u00e1va\u0165 najsk\u00f4r pod\u013ea farby a ve\u013ekosti<\/strong>. N\u00e1sledne im ju m\u00f4\u017eete vysvetli\u0165 aj pomocou jednoduch\u00fdch pr\u00edkladov.\u00a0<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Napr\u00edklad \u201eZa t\u00fato mincu dostaneme bal\u00ed\u010dek \u017euva\u010diek, za t\u00fato bankovku n\u00e1m vyjde pekn\u00fd ply\u0161ov\u00fd medved\u00edk. <strong>Pou\u017e\u00edvajte prirovnanie k\u00a0predmetom, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa de\u0165om na z\u00e1klade ich veku bl\u00edzke a\u00a0nezab\u00fadajte by\u0165 trpezliv\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Zahrajte_sa_sdemi_na_obchod\">Zahrajte sa s\u00a0de\u0165mi na obchod<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento tip je \u00fazko spojen\u00fd s\u00a0t\u00fdm predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facim. <strong>Ak chcete de\u0165om zrozumite\u013ene vysvetli\u0165, na\u010do peniaze sl\u00fa\u017eia, hra na obchod je skvel\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom, ako na to.<\/strong> Pomocou nej dok\u00e1\u017eu lep\u0161ie pochopi\u0165 \u00fa\u010del pe\u0148az\u00ed, respekt\u00edve ich v\u00fdmenu za dan\u00fd tovar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nev\u00e1hajte zapoji\u0165 svoju fant\u00e1ziu, <strong>pripravte si rozli\u010dn\u00e9 predmety, ktor\u00e9 budete \u201epred\u00e1va\u0165\u201c alebo \u201enakupova\u0165\u201c a\u00a0prira\u010fte k\u00a0nim cenovky<\/strong>. Sna\u017ete sa pritom pribl\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 re\u00e1lnej cene tovaru vo va\u0161om obchode, aby ste die\u0165a pr\u00edli\u0161 nepom\u00fdlili a\u00a0nau\u010dili ho z\u00e1rove\u0148 o\u00a0hodnote konkr\u00e9tnych vec\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pripravte si taktie\u017e fikt\u00edvne peniaze a\u00a0hra m\u00f4\u017ee za\u010da\u0165. <\/strong>Vymie\u0148ajte si \u00falohy predava\u010da a\u00a0z\u00e1kazn\u00edka, pr\u00edpadne do hry zapojte aj star\u0161\u00edch s\u00farodencov a\u00a0u\u010dte sa z\u00e1klady finan\u010dnej gramotnosti prostredn\u00edctvom z\u00e1bavnej aktivity.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_msg_box boxed\"><div class=\"fn_block__icon\"><\/div><p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Rada:<\/p>\n<p><em>Hra na obchod je pre deti vhodn\u00e1, aj ke\u010f e\u0161te nevedia po\u010d\u00edta\u0165. Pre za\u010diatok sta\u010d\u00ed, aby pochopili princ\u00edp \u201enie\u010do za nie\u010do\u201c, matematiku si m\u00f4\u017eu deti precvi\u010dova\u0165 a\u017e nesk\u00f4r, ke\u010f sa v \u0161kole nau\u010dia z\u00e1klady.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Prostredn\u00edctvom tejto hry die\u0165a\u0165u pom\u00f4\u017eete uvedomi\u0165 si aj skuto\u010dnos\u0165, \u017ee pe\u0148az\u00ed m\u00e1me v\u017edy obmedzen\u00e9 mno\u017estvo a\u00a0preto sa mus\u00edme rozhodn\u00fa\u0165, \u010do si k\u00fapime.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Vysvetlite_odkia_peniaze_pochdzaj\">Vysvetlite, odkia\u013e peniaze poch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Va\u0161e die\u0165a si s\u00a0t\u00fdm ako bude r\u00e1s\u0165, za\u010dne jasne uvedomova\u0165, \u017ee jeho mama \u010di ocko pravidelne odch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa niekam pre\u010d a\u00a0zasa sa vracaj\u00fa domov.\u00a0Pr\u00edpadne, skoro ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 str\u00e1via nieko\u013eko hod\u00edn za laptopom a potrebuj\u00fa sa s\u00fastredi\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_msg_box key-takeaways\"><div class=\"fn_block__icon\"><\/div><p>Pr\u00e1ve pri tejto pr\u00edle\u017eitosti m\u00f4\u017eete svojej ratolesti pribl\u00ed\u017ei\u0165, <strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">\u010do to znamen\u00e1 chodi\u0165 do pr\u00e1ce, respekt\u00edve odkia\u013e prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa peniaze potrebn\u00e9 na jedlo, nov\u00e9 oble\u010denie \u010di hra\u010dky.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Die\u0165a\u0165u mo\u017eno chv\u00ed\u013eu potrv\u00e1, k\u00fdm tento princ\u00edp pochop\u00ed,<\/strong> mo\u017eno v\u00e1m dokonca prinesie peniaze zo svojho \u201eobchodu\u201c, aby ste nemuseli pracova\u0165 a\u00a0mohli sa s\u00a0n\u00edm st\u00e1le hra\u0165.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Chce to v\u0161ak len trochu \u010dasu a\u00a0trpezlivosti, k\u00fdm die\u0165a pochop\u00ed podstatu onej zn\u00e1mej fr\u00e1zy \u201ebez pr\u00e1ce nie s\u00fa kol\u00e1\u010de\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Dvajte_dieau_vreckov\">D\u00e1vajte die\u0165a\u0165u vreckov\u00e9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u00a0n\u00e1stupom do \u0161koly, respekt\u00edve so z\u00e1kladmi matematiky prich\u00e1dza aj vhodn\u00fd \u010das na to, aby sa die\u0165a nau\u010dilo zaobch\u00e1dza\u0165 s\u00a0re\u00e1lnymi peniazmi v\u00a0be\u017enom \u017eivote. Najlep\u0161ie ich to nau\u010d\u00edte <strong>prostredn\u00edctvom vreckov\u00e9ho.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Stanovte si sumu primeran\u00fa veku a\u00a0zodpovednosti <\/strong>a\u00a0d\u00e1vajte ju die\u0165a\u0165u pravidelne. Rozpr\u00e1vajte sa s\u00a0die\u0165a\u0165om, \u010do by za svoje prv\u00e9 peniaze rado k\u00fapilo a\u00a0vysvetlite mu, na\u010do ich v\u00a0ide\u00e1lnom pr\u00edpade m\u00f4\u017ee pou\u017ei\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zo za\u010diatku v\u0161ak mus\u00edte r\u00e1ta\u0165 s\u00a0t\u00fdm, \u017ee si die\u0165a, tak ako ve\u013ea jeho spolu\u017eiakov, za vreckov\u00e9 k\u00fapi nejak\u00e9 nezdrav\u00e9 ma\u0161krty.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_msg_box boxed\"><div class=\"fn_block__icon\"><\/div><p><strong>Dohodnite si preto spolu jasn\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1 \u2013 ko\u013eko pe\u0148az\u00ed mu budete d\u00e1va\u0165 a kedy<\/strong>. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 die\u0165a\u0165u vysvetlite, \u017ee ak svoje peniaze minie pr\u00edli\u0161 skoro, a\u017e do \u010fal\u0161ieho vreckov\u00e9ho nedostane ni\u010d navy\u0161e.<\/p>\n<p>Pom\u00f4\u017eete mu tak pochopi\u0165 princ\u00edp, ktor\u00fd ste za\u010dali rozv\u00edja\u0165 u\u017e v hre na obchod, a s\u00edce \u017ee pe\u0148az\u00ed m\u00e1me obmedzen\u00e9 mno\u017estvo. Vreckov\u00e9 m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 taktie\u017e vo forme odmeny za pomoc alebo dobr\u00e9 spr\u00e1vanie.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Ak ich die\u0165a neminie rozumne, <strong>do bud\u00facnosti sa nau\u010d\u00ed zaobch\u00e1dza\u0165 s\u00a0nimi opatrnej\u0161ie. <\/strong>Je v\u0161ak potrebn\u00e9 r\u00e1ta\u0165 s\u00a0t\u00fdm, \u017ee mal\u00ed \u0161kol\u00e1ci e\u0161te nevedia myslie\u0165 dopredu a\u00a0preto\u00a0svoje vreckov\u00e9 min\u00fa nezmyselne viac ako len raz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u0161ak die\u0165a dostane mo\u017enos\u0165 pochopi\u0165 n\u00e1sledky svojho rozhodnutia a s\u00a0va\u0161ou pomocou a\u00a0vysvetlen\u00edm sa stane zodpovednej\u0161\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_msg_box info\"><div class=\"fn_block__icon\"><\/div><p>Tip \u010d.2<\/p>\n<p><em>S\u00a0prv\u00fdm vreckov\u00fdm je \u010das aj na prv\u00fa pe\u0148a\u017eenku. Prostredn\u00edctvom nej die\u0165a z\u00edska lep\u0161\u00ed preh\u013ead o\u00a0tom, ko\u013eko pe\u0148az\u00ed mu z\u00a0vreckov\u00e9ho zost\u00e1va. Ustr\u00e1\u017ei tak svoje v\u00fddavky lep\u0161ie, ne\u017e keby nosilo drobn\u00e9 mince vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch vreck\u00e1ch.<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Naute_vae_diea_etri\">Nau\u010dte va\u0161e die\u0165a \u0161etri\u0165<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Je pravdepodobn\u00e9, \u017ee die\u0165a nebude dost\u00e1va\u0165 peniaze len vo forme vreckov\u00e9ho, ale aj na narodeniny, na Vianoce \u010di od star\u00fdch rodi\u010dov. Preto je nevyhnutn\u00e9, aby ste ho v\u010das zozn\u00e1mili <strong>s\u00a0princ\u00edpom \u0161etrenia a\u00a0sporenia pe\u0148az\u00ed.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vysvetlite v\u00e1\u0161mu potomkovi, pre\u010do je dobr\u00e9 a\u00a0d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 si odklada\u0165 peniaze a\u00a0zaobstarajte mu pokladni\u010dku, kam si ich bude d\u00e1va\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_msg_box key-takeaways\"><div class=\"fn_block__icon\"><\/div><p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Op\u00e4\u0165 si m\u00f4\u017eete pom\u00f4c\u0165 pr\u00edkladom \u2013 <strong>uk\u00e1\u017ete die\u0165a\u0165u cie\u013e, na ktor\u00fd si m\u00f4\u017ee peniaze odklada\u0165.<\/strong> Nov\u00e1 kni\u017eka, futbalov\u00e1 lopta, \u010doko\u013evek \u010d\u00edm ho m\u00f4\u017eete motivova\u0165.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Nau\u010d\u00edte ho tak nielen \u0161etri\u0165 \u010di by\u0165 trpezliv\u00fdm, ale doprajete mu aj pocit spokojnosti a\u00a0hrdosti, ke\u010f si za vlastn\u00e9 peniaze k\u00fapi vyt\u00fa\u017een\u00fa odmenu.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1rove\u0148 v\u00e1\u0161mu die\u0165a\u0165u vysvetlite,<strong> \u017ee \u0161etri\u0165 neznamen\u00e1 len odklada\u0165 si preto, aby sme mohli min\u00fa\u0165 viac naraz. <\/strong>Obozn\u00e1mte ho s\u00a0pojmom <strong>finan\u010dn\u00e1 rezerva<\/strong>, respekt\u00edve sporenie pe\u0148az\u00ed na hor\u0161ie \u010dasy a\u00a0ne\u010dakan\u00e9 v\u00fddavky.\u00a0Tento pojem je v\u0161ak n\u00e1ro\u010dnej\u0161\u00ed a nie niekedy mu nerozumej\u00fa ani dospel\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Viete, ako u\u0161etri\u0165 peniaze? <a href=\"https:\/\/financer.sk\/sporenie\/ako-usetrit-peniaze\/\">Pozrite sa s nami na nieko\u013eko u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fdch tipov.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nau\u010dte die\u0165a odklada\u0165 si ist\u00fa sumu, <\/strong>ide\u00e1lne polovicu nabok v\u017edy, ke\u010f dostane peniaze navy\u0161e. Pom\u00f4\u017eete mu tak vytvori\u0165 n\u00e1vyk, ktor\u00fd v\u00a0dospelosti ocen\u00ed, ke\u010f bude ma\u0165 st\u00e1ly pr\u00edjem.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_msg_box info\"><div class=\"fn_block__icon\"><\/div><p>Tip \u010d.3<\/p>\n<p><em><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">Pokia\u013e m\u00e1te doma t\u00edned\u017eera, pouva\u017eujte o\u00a0tom, \u017ee mu zalo\u017e\u00edte \u00fa\u010det. <\/strong>Stredo\u0161kol\u00e1k by ur\u010dite mal zvl\u00e1dnu\u0165 aj pou\u017e\u00edvanie platobnej karty. Pre istotu si v\u0161ak ponechajte \u010diasto\u010dn\u00fa kontrolu nad \u00fa\u010dtom a\u00a0v\u00fddavkami.<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Naute_vae_diea_o_investovan\">Nau\u010dte va\u0161e die\u0165a o investovan\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>T\u00e1to aktivita je vhodnej\u0161ia pre star\u0161ie deti, <\/strong>ale ur\u010dite je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1. Vysvetlite im, \u017ee pokia\u013e chc\u00fa dosiahnu\u0165 dlhodobej\u0161ie ciele, je potrebn\u00e9 nielen peniaze \u0161etri\u0165, ale ich aj spr\u00e1vne <a href=\"https:\/\/financer.sk\/blog\/kde-investovat-peniaze\/\">investova\u0165<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u010faka spr\u00e1vnemu nar\u00e1baniu s peniazmi si m\u00f4\u017eu postupne \u0161etri\u0165 na z\u00e1klad vlastn\u00e9ho b\u00fdvania, vybavenia dom\u00e1cnosti, vysok\u00fa \u0161kolu a cestovanie, alebo pokojne aj nie\u010do men\u0161ie. <strong>Uk\u00e1\u017ete im, \u017ee v ur\u010dit\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00e1ch sa im peniaze bud\u00fa \u010dasom dobre n\u00e1sobi\u0165.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_msg_box key-takeaways\"><div class=\"fn_block__icon\"><\/div><p><strong>Toto n\u00e1sobenie invest\u00edci\u00ed s\u00fa toti\u017e peniaze, ktor\u00e9 pracuj\u00fa pre nich. <\/strong>Vlastne to s\u00fa peniaze navy\u0161e a hlavne zadarmo. Ale cena za ich slu\u017ebu je priebe\u017en\u00e9 a pravidelne \u0161etrenie. Len tak im pom\u00f4\u017eu dosiahnu\u0165 ich ciele r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Vysvetlite_dieau_rozdiel_medzi_chcem_a_potrebujem\">Vysvetlite die\u0165a\u0165u rozdiel medzi \u201echcem\u201c a \u201epotrebujem\u201c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>S\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou spr\u00e1vnej, nielen finan\u010dnej v\u00fdchovy je rozumn\u00e9 nastavenie prior\u00edt. <strong>Rozpr\u00e1vajte sa s\u00a0die\u0165a\u0165om o\u00a0tom, \u010do si za svoje peniaze naposledy k\u00fapilo a\u00a0\u010di dan\u00fa vec neodkladne potrebovalo.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spolo\u010dne sa zamyslite nad t\u00fdm, \u010do die\u0165a aktu\u00e1lne potrebuje (pom\u00f4cky do \u0161koly) a\u00a0\u010do chce (nov\u00e9 a\u00a0drah\u00e9 tenisky).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vysvetlite die\u0165a\u0165u, \u017ee <strong>peniaze sa v\u00a0prvom rade m\u00ed\u0148aj\u00fa na veci, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa\u00a0 nevyhnutne potrebn\u00e9 <\/strong>\u2013 v\u00a0tomto pr\u00edpade napr\u00edklad \u0161kolsk\u00fd ruksak. Rad na n\u00e1kupy pre rados\u0165 prich\u00e1dza a\u017e po uspokojen\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch materi\u00e1lnych potrieb.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_msg_box boxed\"><div class=\"fn_block__icon\"><\/div><p><strong data-rich-text-format-boundary=\"true\">Nau\u010dte die\u0165a rozli\u0161ova\u0165 medzi potrebou a\u00a0\u017eelan\u00edm, no nezakazujte mu k\u00fapi\u0165 si ob\u010das nie\u010do, z\u00a0\u010doho sa bude te\u0161i\u0165.<\/strong> Pr\u00edsny z\u00e1kaz by mal presne opa\u010dn\u00fd efekt.<\/p>\n<p>Ke\u010f u\u017e va\u0161e die\u0165a t\u00fa\u017ei po nie\u010dom, \u010do pod\u013ea v\u00e1s nepotrebuje, podporte ho v\u00a0trpezlivosti. Ak si napr\u00edklad na tie nov\u00e9 tenisky samo na\u0161etr\u00ed a\u00a0po\u010dk\u00e1, bude z\u00a0nich napokon ma\u0165 ove\u013ea v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu rados\u0165.\u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"Zver\">Z\u00e1ver<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Neexistuje univerz\u00e1lny n\u00e1vod na to, aby sa finan\u010dn\u00e1 gramotnos\u0165 stala pre va\u0161e deti samozrejmos\u0165ou. V\u00a0\u010dl\u00e1nku sme uviedli len nieko\u013eko z\u00a0mnoh\u00fdch met\u00f3d, ktor\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 pri v\u00fdchove pou\u017ei\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>K\u013e\u00fa\u010dom v\u0161ak je komunikova\u0165 a\u00a0neb\u00e1\u0165 sa s\u00a0de\u0165mi rozpr\u00e1va\u0165 aj o\u00a0peniazoch<\/strong>. Nemus\u00edte ich v\u00a0pred\u0161kolskom veku za\u0165a\u017eova\u0165 podielov\u00fdmi fondami \u010di infl\u00e1ciou. Sta\u010d\u00ed, ak im jednoducho a\u00a0primerane ich veku vysvetl\u00edte z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pojmy, ktor\u00e9 by mali pozna\u0165 a\u00a0spr\u00e1vne ich vies\u0165 k\u00a0zodpovedn\u00e9mu pr\u00edstupu k\u00a0peniazom.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"fn_block block_fn_faq_list\"><h3 id=\"asto_kladen_otzky\">\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h3><h4>\u010co je to finan\u010dn\u00e1 gramotnos\u0165<\/h4><div class=\"faq_inner\"><p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Finan\u010dn\u00e1 gramotnos\u0165 je schopnos\u0165 rozumie\u0165 financi\u00e1m a dok\u00e1za\u0165 tak rozumne a zodpovedne nar\u00e1ba\u0165 s vlastn\u00fdmi finan\u010dn\u00fdmi prostriedkami. Ak je \u010dlovek finan\u010dne gramotn\u00fd, jeho v\u00fddaje nie s\u00fa vy\u0161\u0161ie ako jeho pr\u00edjmy, je schopn\u00fd \u0161etri\u0165 a vytvori\u0165 si finan\u010dn\u00fa rezervu a taktie\u017e finan\u010dne zabezpe\u010di\u0165 seba i svoju dom\u00e1cnos\u0165.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p><\/div><h4>Kedy za\u010da\u0165 deti u\u010di\u0165 finan\u010dnej gramotnosti?<\/h4><div class=\"faq_inner\"><p>S vysvet\u013eovan\u00edm z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch princ\u00edpov m\u00f4\u017eete za\u010da\u0165 u\u017e u pred\u0161kol\u00e1kov, respekt\u00edve u det\u00ed vo veku 3 a\u017e 5 rokov. Zvo\u013ete jednoduch\u00fd jazyk a pre lep\u0161ie pochopenie pou\u017e\u00edvajte n\u00e1zorn\u00e9 pr\u00edklady.<\/p><\/div><h4>Ak\u00e9 aktivity s\u00fa vhodn\u00e9 pri u\u010den\u00ed sa z\u00e1kladov finan\u010dnej gramotnosti?<\/h4><div class=\"faq_inner\"><p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>\u010co s\u00fa to peniaze a na\u010do sl\u00fa\u017eia de\u0165om pribl\u00ed\u017ei hra na obchod. T\u00e1to hra sl\u00fa\u017ei na vysvetlenie princ\u00edpu \u201cnie\u010do za nie\u010do\u201d, respekt\u00edve peniaze za tovar v praxi.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Zozn\u00e1mte va\u0161e deti aj s t\u00fdm, ako vyzeraj\u00fa skuto\u010dn\u00e9 mince a bankovky. Na za\u010diatok v\u00e1m posta\u010dia aj ich napodobeniny z hra\u010dk\u00e1rstva, d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je aby ich die\u0165a vedelo rozl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 a aspo\u0148 pribli\u017ene poznalo ich hodnotu.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Pri mal\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1koch m\u00f4\u017eete siahnu\u0165 aj po hr\u00e1ch dostupn\u00fdch vo forme mobiln\u00fdch aplik\u00e1cii. Patr\u00ed sem napr\u00edklad hra Finan\u010dn\u00e1 gramotnos\u0165 I. alebo hra Saver and Spender.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p><\/div><h4>Kedy je \u010das na prv\u00e9 vreckov\u00e9?<\/h4><div class=\"faq_inner\"><p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Vlastn\u00e9 peniaze m\u00f4\u017eete die\u0165a\u0165u da\u0165, akon\u00e1hle sa nau\u010d\u00ed z\u00e1klady matematiky \u2013 teda s n\u00e1stupom do prv\u00e9ho ro\u010dn\u00edka. Na za\u010diatok posta\u010d\u00ed aj p\u00e1r eur, no nezab\u00fadajte ich de\u0165om d\u00e1va\u0165 pravidelne a sledujte, ako s nimi hospod\u00e1ria.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p><\/div><h4>Je vhodn\u00e9 rozpr\u00e1va\u0165 sa s de\u0165mi o peniazoch?<\/h4><div class=\"faq_inner\"><p>Ur\u010dite \u00e1no. Finan\u010dn\u00e1 gramotnos\u0165 je nie\u010do, \u010do sa die\u0165a nenau\u010d\u00ed samo, ale v prvom rade od rodi\u010dov. Je preto potrebn\u00e9, aby ste mu vysvetlili z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pojmy, trpezlivo odpovedali na pr\u00edpadn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky a z\u00e1bavnou formou ho u\u010dili zaobch\u00e1dza\u0165 s vlastn\u00fdmi peniazmi.<\/p><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00a0r\u00e1mci v\u00fdchovy rodi\u010dia de\u0165om v\u0161tepuj\u00fa mno\u017estvo u\u017eito\u010dn\u00fdch a\u00a0nevyhnutn\u00fdch z\u00e1sad. Deti sa u\u010dia um\u00fdva\u0165 si ruky, ako slu\u0161ne pozdravi\u0165, ako po\u010fakova\u0165\u2026 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":87,"featured_media":78663,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"disable_branded_featured_image":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","ep_exclude_from_search":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/financer.sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12679"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/financer.sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/financer.sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financer.sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/87"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financer.sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12679"}],"version-history":[{"count":24,"href":"https:\/\/financer.sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12679\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":78777,"href":"https:\/\/financer.sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12679\/revisions\/78777"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financer.sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/78663"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/financer.sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12679"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financer.sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12679"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/financer.sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12679"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}